All you ever wanted to know about glaucoma types, causes, and symptoms are right here!
What Is Glaucoma?
This is a condition in which the optic nerve in your eye gets damaged. With time, this condition tends to get worse. This condition is more often than not, associated with the building up of pressure in the eye. This increased eye pressure, which is known as intraocular pressure (IOP), can result in damage being done to your optic nerve, this is the nerve that is responsible for sending to your brain, images.
What Are The Glaucoma Causes?
This is brought about because of pressure being built up in the eyes. What brings about this increase in eye pressure is not always known. But it is believed by doctors that this could be attributed to one or more of these reasons:
- Blood pressure is elevated or high.
- Medications such as the likes of corticosteroids.
- Dilating eye drops.
- Reduced or poor blood flow to the optic nerve.
- Restricted or blocked drainage in the eye.
What Are The Types Of Glaucoma?
Five types of eye disease are common, and these are:
- Open-Angle (Chronic)
- Angle-Closure (Acute)
- Normal-Tension
- Congenital
- Secondary
What Are The Glaucoma Symptoms?
All of these five types of eye diseases have symptoms that are different from each other, and these are as follows:
- Open-Angle (Chronic) Glaucoma: This is the chronic form of this disease, and except for there is a gradual loss in vision, there are no symptoms or signs of this. The real bad part about this is that the decline in your vision can be so slow, that before any other signs become clear, your loss of vision could become irreparable. Worse still, this is the commonest of all the forms of this kind of eye disease.
- Angle-Closure (Acute) Glaucoma: This is an emergency, and you need to act immediately and get to a doctor or hospital if you start to experience symptoms such as blurry vision, severe pain, and nausea.
- Normal-Tension Glaucoma: There are some cases in which the optic nerve is damaged, without there being an increase in the eye pressure. Why this happens is not known. But it is believed that a lack of flow of blood to the optic nerve or extreme sensitivity is the cause of this.
- Secondary Glaucoma: This could be the result of some eye infections like eye tumors or cataracts. This type of eye problem could also be the result of the side effects of an injury. Or, it can also be caused by taking certain kinds of medications like corticosteroids. This type of eye problem is rarely brought about because of eye surgery.
- Congenital Glaucoma: Symptoms of this type of eye problem are usually light sensitivity, excessive tearing, and cloudy eyes. This type of eye issue could run in families.
How To Prevent Glaucoma?
There are several things that you can do, to prevent yourself from suffering from this severe eye problem, and these are things like:
- Exercise daily by swimming or walking.
- Do not smoke.
- Get your eyes checked regularly.
- If you have caffeine, ensure that you take it only on a moderate level. Do not have too much of this, as studies indicate that having too much of it can increase eye pressure.
- Maintain your blood pressure at a reasonable level.
- Keep your weight healthy.
- If you see changes in your vision, go to a doctor at once.
- When outdoors, prevent exposure from sunlight by wearing a hat and goggles.
- Keep all other medical conditions that you have, well in control.
Is There A Glaucoma Test?
Yes, there are several tests done that can help in determining whether or not you have glaucoma and these are inclusive of:
- Optic Nerve Monitoring: For your doctor to be able to monitor gradual changes that may take place to your optic nerve, photos of your optic nerve could be considered. This would help in a side by side comparison to be done over some time.
- Tonometry Test: These are tests that are done to measure the internal pressure of your eye.
- Perimetry Test: This is also called a visual field test. This tests your vision and lets your doctor know whether or not you are suffering from this eye problem.
- Complete Medical History: In this, the physician would need to know the kind of symptoms you are experiencing and whether there is a family history or personal history of this eye problem. The physician would also ask you to get a general health checkup done to find out if there are any health issues like high blood pressure, diabetes, or something else, that could be the cause of you having such an eye problem.
- Pachymetry Test: If you have a thin cornea, you are at a higher risk of suffering from this eye problem. This test will let your doctor know whether or not your cornea is thin.
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